Overview of Heart Failure

Heart failure is a chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump blood efficiently to meet the body’s needs. It does not mean the heart has stopped working; rather, it has become weak or stiff, impacting its ability to function properly. With timely diagnosis and the right treatment plan, heart failure can be managed effectively, allowing patients to lead healthier and more active lives. Under the care of Dr. Karthik Raghuram, patients receive precise evaluation, personalised treatment, and continuous support to stabilise heart function and prevent complications.

When Should You Consider Evaluation for Heart Failure?

Heart failure may develop gradually or suddenly. You should seek evaluation if you notice symptoms such as:

• Shortness of breath during activity or at rest

• Persistent fatigue or weakness

• Swelling in feet, ankles, or legs

• Rapid weight gain due to fluid retention

• Difficulty lying flat while sleeping

• Persistent cough or wheezing

• Episodes of dizziness or palpitations

People with conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, valve disorders, or previous heart attack are at higher risk and should undergo regular monitoring.

Causes of Heart Failure

Heart failure can occur due to one or more underlying conditions:

• Coronary artery disease (blocked arteries)

• Long-standing hypertension

• Previous heart attack

• Cardiomyopathy (weakening of heart muscle)

• Heart valve diseases

• Arrhythmias

• Congenital heart defects

• Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, or obesity

Identifying the exact cause is essential for selecting the right treatment approach.

How Heart Failure Is Diagnosed

Dr. Karthik Raghuram performs a systematic evaluation to determine the severity and type of heart failure. This includes:

1. Clinical Examination

Assessment of symptoms, medical history, lifestyle, and risk factors.

2. Diagnostic Tests

• ECG: Detects rhythm issues or previous damage

• 2D Echocardiogram: Measures pumping strength (Ejection Fraction), valve function, and structural abnormalities

• Blood Tests: Includes BNP/NT-proBNP markers

• Chest X-ray: Checks for lung congestion or heart enlargement

• TMT or Stress Tests (if required)

• Coronary Angiography or CT Angiography to diagnose blockages

Each test is customised based on individual patient needs.

Heart Failure Treatment Approach

Heart failure treatment aims to improve symptoms, strengthen heart function, and prevent hospitalisation. Dr. Karthik offers a comprehensive, personalised treatment plan that may include:

1. Medication Therapy

• Drugs to reduce heart strain

• Diuretics to reduce fluid buildup

• Medications to improve heart pumping ability

• Cholesterol and blood pressure control

• Anti-arrhythmic drugs (if needed)

2. Lifestyle Modifications

• Salt and fluid intake management

• Weight monitoring

• Heart-healthy diet

• Regular exercise under supervision

• Smoking and alcohol reduction

3. Device Therapy

For moderate to severe heart failure:

• Pacemakers

• CRT (Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy) devices

• ICDs (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators)

These devices help regulate rhythm and prevent sudden cardiac arrest.

4. Interventional or Surgical Options

If heart failure is caused by artery blockages or valve problems:

• Angioplasty & stenting

• Valve repair or replacement

• Treatment of congenital or structural heart issues

Importance of Early and Continuous Management

Heart failure requires long-term monitoring and consistent treatment. Early diagnosis and regular follow-up with a specialist significantly reduce complications, hospital admissions, and disease progression. With proper care, patients can lead a stable and fulfilling life.

When to Seek Immediate Medical Attention

Seek urgent help if you experience:

• Sudden severe breathlessness

• Chest pain

• Rapid swelling or unexpected weight gain

• Fainting episodes

• Severe palpitations

These may indicate worsening heart failure or a medical emergency.

Book Your Heart Failure Consultation

Take control of your heart health with expert guidance. Schedule your heart failure evaluation with Dr. Karthik Raghuram to receive accurate diagnosis, personalised care, and continuous support for long-term heart health.